California Minimum Wage

The minimum wage has been increasing over the last decade. It is important to stay up-to-date on the current minimum wage because the state and federal minimum wages are not always the same.

Effective January 1, 2008, the minimum wage in California is $8.00 per hour. As of July 24, 2009, the federal minimum wage is $7.25 per hour. Always comply with the higher minimum wage, which is California’s in this case. Local “living wage” ordinances vary, therefore, you may have to pay more than the minimum wage in certain cities and counties. A “living wage” is defined as “a wage sufficient to provide the necessities and comforts essential to an acceptable standard of living.”On the federal level, the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) necessitates minimum wage payment to employees who work in any workweek.

On the state level, the California Wage Orders insist that every employee must receive at least the minimum wage per hour for all hours worked. According to a California appeals court, it is unlawful to average the hourly rate of the California and federal minimum wages.Some employees can be paid less than the minimum wage in rare cases, but as a general rule, the California Labor Code mandates that employees are paid minimum wages.

Based on the IWC Wage Orders, it is legal to pay “learners” 85 percent of the minimum wage. “Learners” are employees who do not have previous similar or related experience in their current occupation. After 160 work hours, state law requires the “learners” to be paid at least minimum wage. If an employee is under 20 years old, the federal law allows payment of subminimum wage, or “opportunity wage”, for their first 90 consecutive calendar days of employment. It is unlawful to replace employees or reduce employees’ wages, hours, or benefits in order to hire a youth who could be paid below the minimum wage.In San Francisco, the minimum wage is higher than the state minimum wage. The hourly minimum wage is $9.92 per hour, which was effective January 1, 2011.

The city minimum wage became indexed and will increase from year to year based on increases in the Consumer Price Index (CPI). Employers who violate the minimum wage ordinance are subject to penalties. It is important to note that the San Francisco minimum wage only applies to nonexempt workers, which are employees who are paid on an hourly basis. It is state-mandated that an exempt employee is paid at least two times the state minimum wage. The current minimum monthly and annual salary requirements for exempt employees are $2,773.33 and $33,280.

Exempt vs. Non-Exempt: Claims Examiners

Exempt vs. Non-Exempt: Claims Examiners

Under the Fair Labor Standards Act, a workers employed in an "administrative capacity" means any employee whose duties and responsibilities involve the performance of work directly related to management policies or general business operations. Under this language, a person is employed in an administrative capacity and exempt from the reach of overtime pay laws when the employee's job duties and responsibilities involve the performance of office or non-manual work directly related to general business operations of his or her employer or the performance of office or non-manual work directly related to general business operations of his or her employer's customers.

Claims Adjusters Overtime Cases

Recently, the issue of whether or not claims examiners and adjusters are exempt vs. non-exempt from overtime pay laws has come under scrutiny by the courts. The California Supreme Court took on a case called Harris vs. Liberty Mutual, in which the claims examiners for Liberty Mutual claim that the company violated the Fair Labor Standards Act and/or California Labor Code by classifying the claims examiners as exempt despite the fact that the claims examiners do not perform exempt job duties. On Monday October 3, 2011, the California Supreme Court listed to oral argument in Harris vs. Liberty Mutual.

The claims examiners rely on prior California cases that found that claims examiners are non-exempt, meaning that they should be paid for all hours worked in excess of eight in a day and 40 in a week at one and a half times the claims examiners' regular rate of pay. In these previous cases that dealt with workers' compensation claims, the adjusters were deemed non-exempt because they could not exercise independent discretion and judgment, which is the touchstone of the administrative exemption. The reason they could not exercise the requisite discretion and judgment is because California has very strict workers' compensation laws and the claims adjusters were only allowed to fill out standard template forms and follow strict company guidelines as opposed to making their own decisions about whether or not a claim should be accepted.

Extremely poor work conditions inside Amazon warehouse

Elmer Goris, an Allentown, Pennsylvania resident, quit working at an Amazon.com warehouse because of shockingly harsh work conditions. Goris reports that he quit after only a year of working for the world’s largest online retailer. He said that the heat and mandatory overtime demands made the job too difficult to work. The work conditions got extremely harsh this summer when there was a heat wave in Allentown.

Goris reports that temperatures continually exceeded over 100 degrees in the warehouse. "I never felt like passing out in a warehouse and I never felt treated [so terribly] in any other warehouse but this one," Goris said.Goris is not the only one dissatisfied with this particular warehouse. Interviews with 20 other warehouse workers revealed similar experiences with the harsh work conditions. They reported that they were enforced to work at an unsustainable pace in extremely brutal heat.

The employees were commonly threatened with termination if they did not meet the high productivity expectations. The heat was so intense that Amazon arranged for there to be ambulances outside of the warehouse in order to treat employees that had fainted. On a hot summer day, it was not uncommon for an employee to be taken out of the facility in a wheelchair or on a stretcher.Catherine Ruckelshaus, legal co-director of the National Employment Law Project, thinks that Amazon has been getting away with these harsh work conditions because people are eager to gain employment at whatever job they can due to the weak economy. Therefore, the announcement of the opening of the Pennsylvania warehouse, where Goris worked, was seen as particularly good news.

Megan Couch, an Amazon spokeswoman, said: "Our employees' safety is a top priority for us, and the focus on employee safety from Amazon leadership is impressive. We support our employees with a variety of programs to ensure their well-being, including light duty and leaves of absence."Amazon followed the proposals of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration in order to improve work conditions.

The proposals included adding fans, giving more breaks, and keeping the employees more informed about the heat index.Amazon has also been entangled in a disagreement with California lawmakers over a mandate to collect sales tax on online purchases made by California customers. However, Amazon recently agreed on backing a second law in which they would start collecting California sales taxes starting September 15th. At a bill signing ceremony, Amazon Vice President Paul Misener said that the company planned on creating 10,000 jobs and investing $500 million to build new distribution warehouses in California.

More California Employment Law Stories

California Labor Code

Under the California labor code, overtime pay laws apply by their terms to all employees in the state who are non-exempt. The California Labor Code declares in plain English that any work in excess of eight hours in one workday and 40 hours in any one workweek must be compensated at the rate of no less than one and one-half times the regular rate of pay.

If an employer violates overtime pay laws under the California Labor Code by failing to pay wages in the amount, time or manner required by contract or by statute, the employee has two primary options. First, the employee may seek judicial relief by filing an ordinary civil lawsuits against the employer for violating the California Labor Code. The other option for the employee is to seek administrative relief by filing an overtime pay claim with the California Labor Commissioner pursuant to California Labor Code Section 98.

Under California Law, the term "wages" is broadly construed to include not only the regular hourly earnings of the employee but also the other benefits to which the employee is entitled as a part of compensation plans. Wages include those benefits to which an employee is entitled as a part of his or her compensation, including money, room, board, clothing, vacation pay, and sick pay. Incentive compensation, such as bonuses and profit-sharing plans, also constitute wages. When an employer calculates an employees regular rate of pay for purposes of calculating overtime pay, the employer is required to include the commissions and bonuses made by the employee during the pay period.

The failure to include the commissions in the regular rate of pay is considered a violation of the California Labor Code. Pursuant to California Labor Code section 1194 on minimum wages, any employee receiving less than the legal minimum wage or the legal overtime compensation applicable to the employee is entitled to recover in a civil action the unpaid balance of the full amount of this minimum wage or overtime compensation, including interest thereon, reasonable attorney fees, and costs of suit. 

Under California labor code section 203, when an employer intentionally or willfully violates wage and hour laws, former employees can recover wages for each day they are gone from the company after leaving or being fired, for a maximum of up to 30 days of their salary. This violation of the California labor code requires that the employer willfully violates the law.

Sexual Harassment in the Workplace

Under the California Fair Employment and Housing Act (FEHA), it is illegal to sexually harass another employee in the workplace. Sexual harassment is forbidden under FEHA and Government Code section 12940. FEHA law is administered by the California Fair Employment and Housing Commission (FEHC). The FEHC considers sexual harassment to include verbal, physical, and visual harassment. Sexual harassment protections encompass both professional relationships and independent contractors.

Sexual harassment may occur in a professional relationship in which the client or customer is sexually harassed. These relationships covered by FEHA include: doctor/patient, attorney/client, landlord/tenant, teacher/student, and many other similar relationships. An independent contractor is described as any “person providing services pursuant to a contract.” Under FEHA, it is illegal to sexually harass an independent contractor. It is also illegal to harass on the basis of that person’s gender, race, religious views, marital status, sexual orientation, etc.

An unwanted sexual advance from a coworker of the same sex is also considered sexual harassment under FEHA. A California court of appeal determined that sexual harassment includes unwanted advances regardless of the gender or sexual orientation of the victim or the harasser. This was decided in Mogilefsky v. Superior Court. A California court of appeal did, however, decide that the use of vulgar language that is not motivated by sexual interest does not amount to same-sex harassment.

If there is special treatment resulting from a consensual romantic relationship, then it is not typically considered sexual harassment. A California court did not acknowledge a claim for sexual harassment in which a romantic relationship between a supervisor and a secondary employee resulted in the special treatment of the secondary employee. Therefore, the law does not forbid special treatment based on consensual romantic relationships. The court did come to suggest, however, that there may be grounds for a lawsuit if a romantic involvement with a manager will lead an employee to work-related benefits. Furthermore, there could be grounds for a lawsuit if an affair involving a manager and an employee creates a hostile and uncomfortable work environment.

In a California Supreme Court case, there were two female employees at a prison who claimed that the warden had initiated sexual affairs with several other female employees. The employees involved in the affairs were alleged to receive rewards, promotions, and favorable tasks as a result of their romantic relationships. The Court decided that the extensive sexual favoritism in this workplace created a hostile work environment because the female employees were led to believe that sexual conduct with their supervisor would result in favorable treatment or discrimination in the workplace.

How to Start Employment Discrimination Lawsuit

This guide provides information and resources for employees on how to sue their employer for violating wrongful termination laws, discrimination laws and other employment laws.

According to the California Labor Code, employees are presumed to work for an employer at-will
Pursuant to the at-will work law, the boss is authorized to discharge employees because of any reason, no reason, a good reason or a bad reason. However your boss cannot discharge your position due to the fact that the you engaged protected conduct. For example, a company cannot legally discharge an employees position due to the fact that the you filed a  wrongful termination claim. Terminating a Your work for this reason may be considered wrongful termination based on discrimination .

In the event that sue an employer based on a violation of wrongful termination laws, you are required to complete administrative prerequisites. First, employees must make a legal claim with the Department of Fair Employment and Housing or the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). Once looking into the contentions about a violation of wrongful termination laws, the agency almost always sends you a “Right to Sue” Letter, which gives workers to hire an attorney.

California Employment Lawyer Guide

California is prestigious for being one of the biggest states in the universe. All of the powerful employers in the United States have developed workers in the state. However, despite the fact that it is one of the greatest spots in the country, people have recently been hiring lawyers to look into illegal workplace conduct dealing with employees rights with respect to workplace discrimination laws.

Prior to Hiring a California employment lawyer, there are A Few Important Issues Workers Should Know.

The first factor that people Should Think About Before Retaining a Employment Law Firm is of course finances. Many employees attempting to sue their current or former employer don't have the financial resources needed to go up against a large company in a case for illicit company activity dealing with illicit wrongful termination laws, discrimination laws and wage & hour laws. As such the first, important thing Employees Should Consider Prior to Emailing a Labor Law Attorney is whether to consult with a hourly law firm or a no win no fee contingency lawyer. Considering the excessive number of assets that enormous companies can get, the most efficient option for employees is to retain a  contingency fee Employment Attorney. Indeed, this option, as opposed to Retaining a hourly law firm, is attractive when considering that the lawyers are not paid unless they win a settlement for you and the bigger trial verdict they get for you, the more money the attorney gets so you can be confident that the law firm will make their best effort.

The second Hidden Issues You Need to Know Before Hiring a Labor Law Attorney is whether or not the attorneys has a track record of success. Although a track record of success cannot guarantee a favorable trial verdict in your suit, history has a tendency to repeat itself and it is far fetched when the same Employment Law Attorneys  get victories.

The final Important Secrets One Should Know Prior to Seeking Advice from a Employment Law Lawyer is where the attorney maintains its employment law office. A lot of California employment lawyers usually have offices throughout the state of California.